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Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16(15):2989-3001. doi:10.7150/ijbs.49890 This issue Cite

Review

The Role of Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Wei Tan^1,2, Jingling Zou^1,2, Shigeo Yoshida³, Bing Jiang^1,2, Yedi Zhou^1,2✉

1. Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China;
2. Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China;
3. Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan

✉ Corresponding author: Yedi Zhou, MD, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China. Telephone: +86-731-85292175; E-mail: zhouyediedu.cn

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding eye disease which incidence gradually increases with age. Inflammation participates in AMD pathogenesis, including choroidal neovascularization and geographic atrophy. It is also a kind of self-protective regulation from injury for the eyes. In this review, we described inflammation in AMD pathogenesis, summarized the roles played by inflammation-related cytokines, including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as leukocytes (macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes) in the innate or adaptive immunity in AMD. Possible clinical applications such as potential diagnostic biomarkers and anti-inflammatory therapies were also discussed. This review overviews the inflammation as a target of novel effective therapies in treating AMD.

Keywords: inflammation, cytokine, leukocyte, age-related macular degeneration

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