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Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20(3):831-847. doi:10.7150/ijbs.89253 This issue Cite

Research Paper

The SIRT3-ATAD3A axis regulates MAM dynamics and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis in cardiac hypertrophy

Zeyu Li^1,*, Ou Hu^2,*, Suowen Xu³, Chenjia Lin¹, Wenjing Yu¹, Dinghu Ma¹, Jing Lu^1,✉, Peiqing Liu^1,✉

1. National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
2. Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
3. Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Jing Lu, E-mail: lujing28sysu.edu.cn; Peiqing Liu, E-mail: liupqsysu.edu.cn.

Abstract

Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles that are mobile and harbor dynamic network structures. Although mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play distinct cellular roles, they are physically connected to maintain functional homeostasis. Abnormal changes in this interaction have been linked to pathological states, including cardiac hypertrophy. However, the exact regulatory molecules and mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that ATPase family AAA-domain containing protein 3A (ATAD3A) is an essential regulator of ER-mitochondria interplay within the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM). ATAD3A prevents isoproterenol (ISO)-induced mitochondrial calcium accumulation, improving mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress, which preserves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy. We also find that ATAD3A is a new substrate of NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). Notably, the heart mitochondria of SIRT3 knockout mice exhibited excessive formation of MAMs. Mechanistically, ATAD3A specifically undergoes acetylation, which reduces self-oligomerization and promotes cardiac hypertrophy. ATAD3A oligomerization is disrupted by acetylation at K134 site, and ATAD3A monomer closely interacts with the IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex, which leads to mitochondrial calcium overload and dysfunction. In summary, ATAD3A localizes to the MAMs, where it protects the homeostasis of ER-mitochondria contacts, quenching mitochondrial calcium overload and keeping mitochondrial bioenergetics unresponsive to ER stress. The SIRT3-ATAD3A axis represents a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.

Keywords: Mitochondria-associated membranes, Mitochondria, IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex, Cardiac hypertrophy, ER stress, acetylation

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