SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus

Chen, Mengqi; Ma, Yue; Chang, Wakam

doi:10.7150/ijbs.72482

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Theranostics

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Nanotheranostics

Journal of Cancer

Journal of Genomics

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Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18(12):4731-4743. doi:10.7150/ijbs.72482 This issue Cite

Review

SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus

Mengqi Chen, Yue Ma, Wakam Chang^✉

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China

Citation:

Chen M, Ma Y, Chang W. SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18(12):4731-4743. doi:10.7150/ijbs.72482. https://www.ijbs.com/v18p4731.htm

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Abstract

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is caused by an RNA virus, SARS-CoV-2. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 lacks a nuclear phase in its life cycle and is replicated in the cytoplasm. However, interfering with nuclear trafficking using pharmacological inhibitors greatly reduces virus infection and virus replication of other coronaviruses is blocked in enucleated cells, suggesting a critical role of the nucleus in virus infection. Here, we summarize the alternations of nuclear pathways caused by SARS-CoV-2, including nuclear translocation pathways, innate immune responses, mRNA metabolism, epigenetic mechanisms, DNA damage response, cytoskeleton regulation, and nuclear rupture. We consider how these alternations contribute to virus replication and discuss therapeutic treatments that target these pathways, focusing on small molecule drugs that are being used in clinical studies.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, nuclear transport, innate immunity, epigenetics, cilia, DNA damage

Citation styles

APA

Chen, M., Ma, Y., Chang, W. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 18(12), 4731-4743. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.72482.

ACS

Chen, M.; Ma, Y.; Chang, W. SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2022, 18 (12), 4731-4743. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72482.

NLM

Chen M, Ma Y, Chang W. SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18(12):4731-4743. doi:10.7150/ijbs.72482. https://www.ijbs.com/v18p4731.htm

CSE

Chen M, Ma Y, Chang W. 2022. SARS-CoV-2 and the Nucleus. Int J Biol Sci. 18(12):4731-4743.

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