Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(8):2495-2514. doi:10.7150/ijbs.74315 This issue Cite

Review

Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review

Daeun Choi1,*, Jimin Kim1,*, Jae Won Yang2,*, Ji Hong Kim3, Seoyeon Park1, Jae Il Shin3,✉

1. Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2. Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
3. Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
*These authors contributed equally to this work

Citation:
Choi D, Kim J, Yang JW, Kim JH, Park S, Shin JI. Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(8):2495-2514. doi:10.7150/ijbs.74315. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p2495.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease of which clinical presentation is vastly heterogeneous, ranging from mild skin rashes to severe renal diseases. Treatment goal of this illness is to minimize disease activity and prevent further organ damage. In recent years, much research has been done on the epigenetic aspects of SLE pathogenesis, for among the various factors known to contribute to the pathogenic process, epigenetic factors, especially microRNAs, bear the most therapeutic potential that can be altered unlike congenital genetic factors. This article reviews and updates what has been discovered so far about the pathogenesis of lupus, while focusing on the dysregulation of microRNAs in lupus patients in comparison to healthy controls along with the potentially pathogenic roles of the microRNAs commonly reported to be either upregulated or downregulated. Furthermore, this review includes microRNAs of which results are controversial, suggesting possible explanations for such discrepancies and directions for future research. Moreover, we aimed to emphasize the point that had been overlooked so far in studies regarding microRNA expression levels; that is, which specimen was used to assess the dysregulation of microRNAs. To our surprise, a vast number of studies have not considered this factor and have analyzed the potential role of microRNAs in general. Despite extensive investigations done on microRNA levels, their significance and potential role remain a mystery, which calls for further studies on this particular subject in regard of which specimen is used for assessment.

Keywords: microRNA (miRNA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC)


Citation styles

APA
Choi, D., Kim, J., Yang, J.W., Kim, J.H., Park, S., Shin, J.I. (2023). Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 19(8), 2495-2514. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.74315.

ACS
Choi, D.; Kim, J.; Yang, J.W.; Kim, J.H.; Park, S.; Shin, J.I. Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2023, 19 (8), 2495-2514. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.74315.

NLM
Choi D, Kim J, Yang JW, Kim JH, Park S, Shin JI. Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(8):2495-2514. doi:10.7150/ijbs.74315. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p2495.htm

CSE
Choi D, Kim J, Yang JW, Kim JH, Park S, Shin JI. 2023. Dysregulated MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Biol Sci. 19(8):2495-2514.

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