ISSN: 1449-2288International Journal of Biological Sciences
Global reach, higher impact
Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(14):4493-4510. doi:10.7150/ijbs.86475 This issue Cite
Review
Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis
1. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
2. Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
3. School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Citation:
Li Y, Luo X, Hua Z, Xue X, Wang X, Pang M, Wang T, Lyu A, Liu Y. Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(14):4493-4510. doi:10.7150/ijbs.86475. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p4493.htm
Other stylesAbstract
Atherosclerosis as the leading cause of the cardiovascular disease is closely related to cholesterol deposition within subendothelial areas of the arteries. Significantly, early atherosclerosis intervention is the critical phase for its reversal. As atherosclerosis progresses, early foam cells formation may evolve into fibrous plaques and atheromatous plaque, ulteriorly rupture of atheromatous plaque increases risks of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Notably, amphiphilic apolipoproteins (Apos) can concomitantly combine with lipids to form soluble lipoproteins that have been demonstrated to associate with atherosclerosis. Apos act as crucial communicators of lipoproteins, which not only can mediate lipids metabolism, but also can involve in pro-atherogenic and anti-atherogenic processes of atherosclerosis via affecting subendothelial retention and aggregation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidative modification of LDL, foam cells formation and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in macrophage cells. Correspondingly, Apos can be used as endogenous and/or exogenous targeting agents to effectively attenuate the development of atherosclerosis. The article reviews the classification, structure, and relationship between Apos and lipids, how Apos serve as communicators of lipoproteins to participate in the pathogenesis progression of early atherosclerosis, as well as how Apos as the meaningful targeting mass is used in early atherosclerosis treatment.
Keywords: Apolipoproteins, Potential communicators of lipoproteins, The pathogenesis of early atherosclerosis, Treatment of early atherosclerosis
Citation styles
APA
Li, Y., Luo, X., Hua, Z., Xue, X., Wang, X., Pang, M., Wang, T., Lyu, A., Liu, Y. (2023). Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 19(14), 4493-4510. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.86475.
ACS
Li, Y.; Luo, X.; Hua, Z.; Xue, X.; Wang, X.; Pang, M.; Wang, T.; Lyu, A.; Liu, Y. Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2023, 19 (14), 4493-4510. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86475.
NLM
Li Y, Luo X, Hua Z, Xue X, Wang X, Pang M, Wang T, Lyu A, Liu Y. Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19(14):4493-4510. doi:10.7150/ijbs.86475. https://www.ijbs.com/v19p4493.htm
CSE
Li Y, Luo X, Hua Z, Xue X, Wang X, Pang M, Wang T, Lyu A, Liu Y. 2023. Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Sci. 19(14):4493-4510.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.